WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES

Research the different wireless technologies.Provide the following:

• 802.11

Description:

It is a family of wireless LAN(WLAN) specification developed by a working group at the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers(IEEE).

Diagram:

Example:

-

• Infrared

Description:

A wireless technology that operates over a short range communication.

Diagram:

Example:

-Remote control

• Bluetooth

Description:

Bluetooth is a wireless technology for transferring data between two devices that are in close nearness  with each other.

Diagram:

Example:

-Printer

• 3G

Description:

A generation of wireless technology that transmits wireless data up to 2 megabits per second and makes integration of voice,data and video.

Diagram:

Example:

-Mobile phone

Identify the differences  between the various types of 802.11.

• 802.11b

-Maximum raw data rate of 11mbit/s

-High throughput

-Low cost

-Interference problem

• 802.11g

-Operates in the 2.4 GHz band

-Uses OFDM based transmission scheme

-Operates at the average bit rate of 22 Mbit/s or maximum 54 Mbit/s

-Its hardware are full back compatible with 802.11b hardware 

• 802.11n

-It is the improvement over previous 802.11 standard

-It has MIMO antennas

-Operates at the 2.4 GHz or less than 5GHz bands

-Data rates from 54Mbit/s to 600Mbit/s

References:

priyankpatel2811 (2014). Introduction Wireless Technology. [online] Slideshare.net. Available at: https://www.slideshare.net/priyankpatel2811/introduction-wireless-technology [Accessed 2 May 2018].

acharya (2014). wireless network IEEE 802.11. [online] Slideshare.net. Available at: https://www.slideshare.net/shreejanacharya/ieee80211-wireless-network [Accessed 2 May 2018].

NETWORK PROTOCOL & STANDARDS

Research the different NETWORK PROTOCOLS & STANDARD types:

• TCP

Description:

-It stands for Transmission Control Protocol

-It will establish connection first

-The sender and receiver must agree to have connection with each other

-It will connect when there's connection and it will be error if there's no connection

Diagram:

• IP

Description:

-It stands for Internet Protocol

-To transfer packet to correct destination(makesure it deliver to the correct person)

Diagram:

• UDP

Description:

-It stands for User Datagram Protocol

-It send information directly without establish connection

Diagram:

• AppleTalk

Description:

-Appletalk only able for Apple/Mac user only

-Phase 1 use for smaller network

-Phase 2 use for larger network

Diagram:

• 802.2

Description:

-It stands for IEEE 802.2 Logical Link Control

-IEEE stands for Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

-It runs on data link layer of OSI model

-It acts as translator for data link layer so whatever message that pass to the layer can be understood

Diagram:

• 802.3

Description:

-The another name is Ethernet

-It use for devices by local area network product that define CSMA/CD

-The higher data rate,more expensive

Diagram:

• FDDI

Description:

-It stands for Fiber Distributed Interface

-It only use two ring

-It goes opposite direction of each other

-First ring(primary) and second ring is for backup(secondary)

Diagram:

• 802.5

Description:

-The token will pass around the ring
-The token control the transmission of data on the network
-When you want to send a message,you need the token.If it's being use,you to wait until the token is     available

Diagram:

References:

Google.com.bn. (2018). internet protocol diagram - Google Search. [online] Available at: https://www.google.com.bn/search?rlz=1C1LENP_enBN757BN769&biw=1800&bih=992&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=DA7oWuf5BI_08AWelJ3YDw&q=internet+protocol+diagram&oq=internet+protocol+diagram&gs_l=psy-ab.3..0j0i7i30k1.44135.48853.0.49293.15.15.0.0.0.0.130.1295.13j2.15.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-ab..0.14.1213...0i8i7i30k1j0i13k1j0i13i5i10i30k1j0i13i5i30k1.0.kMlImikWLDE#imgrc=YyRk6x-4Jno_DM: [Accessed 1 May 2018].

Google.com.bn. (2018). udp diagram - Google Search. [online] Available at: https://www.google.com.bn/search?rlz=1C1LENP_enBN757BN769&biw=1800&bih=931&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=Pg7oWqWEGtOK8gXr_KnQCA&q=udp+diagram&oq=udp+diagram&gs_l=psy-ab.3..0i10k1l3j0j0i10k1l3j0i7i30k1l3.211058.211493.0.211764.3.3.0.0.0.0.83.234.3.3.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-ab..0.3.232...0i7i5i30k1j0i8i7i30k1.0.wF7pGkczXnA#imgdii=IBnUhqc9prz0HM:&imgrc=7hrTGyZnTG5WCM: [Accessed 1 May 2018].

Google.com.bn. (2018). fddi primary and secondary ring - Google Search. [online] Available at: https://www.google.com.bn/search?rlz=1C1LENP_enBN757BN769&biw=1800&bih=931&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=-hLoWv7pPIqA8QWK8KCACQ&q=fddi+primary+and+secondary+ring&oq=fddi+primary+and+secondary+ring&gs_l=psy-ab.3...18579.22920.0.23182.26.26.0.0.0.0.110.2038.23j3.26.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-ab..0.2.160...0j0i24k1.0.xkf4Q-cMxgc#imgrc=F2nFEAMuwzATZM: [Accessed 1 May 2018].

Google.com.bn. (2018). 802.5 - Google Search. [online] Available at: https://www.google.com.bn/search?rlz=1C1LENP_enBN757BN769&biw=1800&bih=992&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=xhDoWtuHKMKj8QXEsY2IDQ&q=802.5&oq=802.5&gs_l=psy-ab.3..0l3j0i5i30k1j0i24k1l6.461265.461776.0.462029.2.2.0.0.0.0.82.163.2.2.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-ab..0.2.162...0i67k1.0.-vwOtCJSq-Q#imgrc=2T2PFOf2-NdICM: [Accessed 1 May 2018].

Title:Network Models

Research network models: OSI Model and TCP/IP.Provide the following:

OSI Model

Describe:

-OSI model stands for Open System Interconnection.

-A networking framework to implement protocols in layers,with control passed from one layer to the next.

-The networks divide into 7 layers.

Diagram:

OSI 7 layer:

Application:Provide access to available network resources

Presentation:Translate,encrypts and compress data

Session:Manages and terminates communicative sessions

Transport:Provides reliable process-to-process message delivery and error recovery

Network:Moves packets from source to destination providing internetworking capabilities

Data link:Organizes bits into frames providing node-to-node delivery

Physical:Transmits bits over a medium establishing mechanical and electrical specifications

TCP/IP

Describe:

-TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol.

-Set of networking protocols that allow two or more computers to communicate.

Diagram:

TCP/IP layer:

Application:Consist of applications/programs and processes that use the network

Transport:Provides end-to-end data delivery services

Internet:Defines the datagram and handles the routing of data

Link:Consist of routines for accessing physical medias

Definitions, O. and Hope, C. (2018). What is OSI?. [online] Computerhope.com. Available at: https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/o/osi.htm [Accessed 24 Apr. 2018].

vasanthimuniasamy (2013). Osi reference model. [online] Slideshare.net. Available at: https://www.slideshare.net/vasanthimuniasamy/osi-reference-model-27374402 [Accessed 24 Apr. 2018].

Study.com. (2018). Session Layer of the OSI Model: Functions, Protocols & Examples - Video & Lesson Transcript | Study.com. [online] Available at: https://study.com/academy/lesson/session-layer-of-the-osi-model-functions-protocols-examples.html [Accessed 25 Apr. 2018].

Network Topology

Define Network topology?
It is an arrangement with which computer system or network devices are connected to each other.

Six different network topologies:

• Point-to-point
• Bus topology
• Star topology
• Ring topology
• Mesh topology
• Tree topology

1. Point-to-point

Description:

When there's two devices are connected to each other.

Diagram:

Advantage:

• Fast
• No additional devices

Disadvantage:

• Maximum two devices only
• Cable breaks will affect to the whole network

          2.Bus topology

Description:

All devices share in one cable

Diagram:

Advantage:

• Easy to implement
• Less cable

Disadvantage:

• Slow connection since other computers are connect in one cable
• Others cannot connect when the cable is broken

 

        3.Star topology

Description:

All devices are connected to one hub or switch.

Diagram:

Advantage:

• Easy to manage
• Easy to detect faults

Disadvantage:

• Expensive
• More cable

     

       4.Ring topology

Description:

It past to one by one until it receive the information.

Diagram:

Advantage:

• Fast sending message
• If another host not working,can use another host

Disadvantage:

• Take time to wait 
• Its not privacy since others can read the message

   

       5.Mesh topology

Description:

Host is connected to one or multiple host.

Diagram:

Advantage:

• Faster because there are more cable
• There is many ways to send when others cable is not working

Disadvantage:

• More cable
• Expensive

     6.Tree topology

Description:

Known as hierarchical topology and most commonly use in the topology.

Diagram:

Advantage:

• Fast
• easy to identify when there's network failure

Disadvantage:

• Expensive

CN_LAN_Lab8_Nurhamizah